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Linux is everywhere! From web servers to smartphones, understanding its fundamentals unlocks a deeper appreciation for the technology we use every day.
This post will help you to understanding the core concepts of Linux, making you a savvy user in no time. (But make sure to practice these to become expert)System Fundamentals
Filesystem Hierarchy
User Management
useradd: A command in Linux used to create a new user account.
usermod: A command in Linux used to modify an existing user account.
/etc/passwd: A file on a Linux system that stores information about user accounts.
/etc/shadow: A file on a Linux system that stores hashed passwords for user accounts.
UID (User ID): A unique identifier for a user account on a Linux system.
GID (Group ID): A unique identifier for a group of users on a Linux system.
Package Management
apt: A package manager for Debian-based Linux systems.
yum: A package manager for Red Hat-based Linux systems.
dnf: A newer package manager that replaces yum in Red Hat-based Linux systems.
DEB (Debian package file): A type of package file used by Debian-based Linux systems.
RPM (Red Hat Package Manager): A type of package file used by Red Hat-based Linux systems.
Tarball: A compressed archive file format used to distribute software in Linux.
Security
Firewall: A software program that filters incoming and outgoing network traffic.
iptables: A command-line tool for managing firewall rules in Linux.
firewalld: A firewall management tool for Linux that is easier to use than iptables.
SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux): A security system for Linux that restricts what programs can do.
Processes
PID (Process ID): A unique identifier for a running process on a Linux system.
ps: A command in Linux used to display information about running processes.
Foreground process: A process that is currently running and has the user's attention.
Background process: A process that is running in the background and does not have the user's attention.
Command-line Tools
Shell: A program that provides a command-line interface for interacting with the Linux operating system.
grep: A command-line tool used to search for text in files.
sed: A command-line tool used to edit text files.
awk: A command-line tool used to process text files.
kill: A command-line tool used to send a signal to a process.
top: A command-line tool used to display information about running processes.
man: A command-line tool used to display the manual page for a command.
Text Editors
nano: A simple text editor for Linux.
qedit: A more advanced text editor for Linux.
Networking
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